Iqlab is one of the rules of Noon Sakinah and Tanween in Tajweed, where the noon sound changes into a hidden meem when followed by the letter ba (ب). It includes a slight nasal sound (ghunnah) and is marked with a small meem above the noon or tanween.
This rule appears both within single words and across two words, and can follow noon sakinah or tanween. Below are simple and clear examples from the Quran to help you understand and recognize Iqlab.
1. Iqlab in Single Word Examples
- Allah says: “قَالَ يَا آدَمُ أَنبِئْهُم بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ”
“Qala ya Adamu anbihum bi-asma’ihim.” (Surat Al-Baqarah, 2:33)
Here, the letters noon and ba are combined in the word “أَنبِئْهُم,” prompting the reader to pronounce the noon as mim.
- In another verse, Allah says: “كَلَّا لَيُنْبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ”
“Kalla layunbadhan fi al-hutamah” (Surah Al-Humaza, 104:4)
The letters noon and ba are again combined in the word “لَيُنْبَذَنَّ,” resulting in iqlab.
2. Iqlab Examples Across Two Words
- Allah says: “مِن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَىٰ بِهَا”
“Min ba’di wasiyyatin yus’aa biha” (Surah An-Nisa, 4:11)
The letter noon is followed by ba in separate words, leading to iqlab.
- Similarly, in the verse “وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ”
“Wa Allahu ‘alimun bi-dhati as-sudur” (Surah Ali ‘Imran, 3:154)
The pronunciation alters because the letter noon is followed by ba in separate words.
3. Examples of Iqlab Following Noon Sakinah
- Allah says: “وَأَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَاسْتَغْنَى”
“Wa amma man bakhila wa astaghna” (Surah Al-Layl, 92:8)
The letter ba follows a noon sakina, leading to iqlab.
- In another instance, in the verse “فَلَمَّا جَاءَهَا نُودِيَ أَن بُورِكَ مَن فِي النَّارِ”
“Falamma ja’aha nudiya an buurika man fi an-naar” (Surah An-Naml, 27:8)
The letter ba follows a noon sakina, resulting in iqlab.
4. Examples of Iqlab Following Tanween
- Allah says: “واللهُ سَمِيعٌ بَصِيرٌ”
“Wallahu samee’un basir” (Surah Al-Hajj 22:75)
Iqlab occurs after a tanween with damma, followed by the letter ba.
- Similarly, in the verse “ذُرِّيَّةً بَعْضُها مِنْ بَعْضٍ”
“Dhurriyyatan ba’duha min ba’din” (Surah Ali-Imran 3:34)
Iqlab happens after a tanween with a fatha followed by the letter ba.
Conclusion:
Recognizing Iqlab helps improve Quran recitation by applying the correct nasal sound when noon or tanween is followed by ba. The rule is consistent whether the letters appear in one word or two.
By studying these examples, you’ll better grasp when and how Iqlab occurs, making your Tajweed more accurate and your recitation more beautiful.
