Izhar Mutlak is a Tajweed rule where the noon is pronounced clearly when followed by waw (و) or yaa (ي) without merging or nasalization. This rule ensures clarity of meaning and occurs only in four specific Quranic words.
Izhar Mutlak
Izhar Mutlak focuses specifically on clarifying the pronunciation of the consonant “noon” when it is followed by the letters “waw” and “yaa”. It emphasizes the necessity of clearly articulating the noon without merging it with the subsequent letters.
This ensures that the intended meaning of the word is conveyed accurately. Unlike Izhar Halqi, which relies on throat articulation, Izhar Mutlak does not depend on specific pronunciation mechanisms but rather emphasizes the clarity of pronunciation.
Examples of Izhar Mutlaq:
There are only four words in the Quran that always follow the rule of Izhar Mutlaq:
- بُنْيَانٌ (bunyanun) – meaning “building”
- قِنْوَانٌ (qawanun) – meaning “bunch of dates”
- صِنْوَانٌ (sinwanun) – meaning “pair”
- الدنيا (ad-dunya) – meaning “the world”
Quran Verses with Izhar Mutlaq
Here are some Ayat where these words are pronounced with Izhar Mutlaq in Quran:
- “إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِهِ صَفًّا كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَانٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ”
“inna Allaha yuhibbu al-ladhina yuqatiluna fi sabeelihi saffan ka’annahum bunyanun marṣuṣun” (As-Saf, 4)
- “وَمِنَ النَّخْلِ مِن طَلْعِهَا قِنْوَانٌ دَانِيَةٌ وَجَنَّاتٍ مِّنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَالزَّيْتُونَ وَالرُّمَّانَ مُشْتَبِهًا وَغَيْرَ مُتَشَابِهٍ”
“wa mina an-nakhli min ṭal’iha qawanun daniyatun wa jannatin min a’nabin wa az-zaytun wa ar-rummana mushtabihan wa ghayra mutashabih” (Al-An’am, 99)
- “وَفِي الْأَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُّتَجَاوِرَاتٌ وَجَنَّاتٌ مِّنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَزَرْعٌ وَنَخِيلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَغَيْرُ صِنْوَانٍ يُسْقَى بِمَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ”
“wa fi al-arḍi qiṭa’un mutajawiratun wa jannatin min a’nabin wa zar’un wa nakhilun sinwanun wa ghayru sinwanin yusqā bi-mā’in wāḥidin” (Al-Ra’d, 4)
- “أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ اشْتَرَوُا الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا بِالْآخِرَةِ ۖ فَلَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُون”
“Olaika allatheena ishtarawoo alhayata alddunya bialakhirati fala yukhaffafu AAanhumu alAAathabu wala hum yunsaroon” (Surat Al-Baqarah, 86).
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Conclusion
In summary, Izhar Mutlak applies to four words—بنيان، قنوان، صنوان، الدنيا—where the noon must be pronounced openly before waw or yaa. Mastering this rule helps maintain correct pronunciation and preserves the meaning of these Quranic terms.
